This is a site mirroring the emails of California Water News emailed by the California Department of Water Resources

[Water_news] 5. DWR'S CALIFORNIA WATER NEWS: AGENCIES, PROGRAMS, PEOPLE - 7/10/08

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation of significant news articles and comment

 

July 10, 2008

 

5. Agencies, Programs, People –

 

 

 

'Green lien' plan would keep water flowing at foreclosed homes

Riverside Press Enterprise- 7/9/08

 

Major Nevada water ruling issued

The Associated Press - 7/9/08

 

 

The old man who farms with the sea: Carl Hodges is growing salicornia, a crop nourished by ocean water that holds the potential to provide food and fuel to millions.

The Los Angeles Times- 7/10/08

 

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

 

'Green lien' plan would keep water flowing at foreclosed homes

Riverside Press Enterprise- 7/9/08

By AARON BURGIN

An Inland water district is hoping a "green lien" will help it combat the blight caused by abandoned and repossessed homes.

 

Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District's proposed "green lien" program would allow lenders and owners of repossessed properties to agree to a tax lien on the homes to keep the water meters turned on. This would allow the property owners to continue to water the lawns until the home is sold.

 

The lien would be voluntary, and the district would recoup the cost of the water before the home is sold.

 

The district will discuss the proposal at a meeting later this month.

 

Elsinore Valley, regional and state water agency officials said the program is unprecedented.

 

"We understand the impact of the foreclosure crisis. The city, the water district and the lenders are all trying to address the issue," Elsinore Valley spokesman Greg Morrison said. "This is a way we thought we could help."

 

Other area agencies are exploring ways to ensure the homes are maintained. The cities of Lake Elsinore, Temecula and Murrieta all have ordinances that require lenders to register abandoned properties.

 

Lake Elsinore is considering using its water truck to douse brown lawns in the city limits. Elsinore Valley would supply the city with the recycled water.

 

Elsinore Valley's proposal comes at a time when more than 1,000 homes in the district's boundaries are in the process of foreclosure, according to foreclosure-tracking company RealtyTrac. Hundreds of homes are already vacant and have the telltale signs of a foreclosed property -- dying lawns.

 

A cluster of brown lawns can lower property values in a neighborhood, be a magnet for crime and make homes harder to sell, local real estate officials said.

 

"Those brown lawns are a big sign that says 'Nobody's here, do what you want,' " said Gene Wunderlich, chairman of the Southwest Riverside County Association of Realtors.

 

Wunderlich said he had never heard of the "green lien" concept, but said he thinks it would be applauded by people with a vested interest in the homes, such as real estate agents and neighbors.

 

"The bank that owns it may be in Vermont; they may not care what goes on," Wunderlich said. "But if you have a neighbor who doesn't want his property value to drop, or a real estate agent who has the listing, these people may want to just pull out a hose and keep that lawn from dying."

 

Water agencies statewide have been negatively affected by the record number of foreclosures, regional and state water officials said.

 

Most water agencies finance major system improvements by selling bonds that are paid by homeowners through a community facilities district tax. When homeowners default on mortgage payments, they also default on the tax.

 

This can lower the district's creditworthiness and result in higher interest rates for future borrowing, leading to more costly projects, the cost of which is borne by the ratepayers. Elsinore Valley avoided this by buying back and reissuing its bonds.

 

Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and the Association of California Water Companies officials said they had not heard of any water agencies using "green liens" during the foreclosure crisis.

 

"It sounds very interesting; I'm intrigued," said Krista Clark, the water companies association's director of regulatory affairs.

 

Elsinore Valley board member Phil Williams is credited with coming up with the idea about six months ago. He said district officials wanted to make sure it was a legal method before they brought it to the board for discussion.

 

Morrison said he expects most real estate agents and lenders would be in favor of the program.

 

"A pleasing looking home will sell much quicker," he said.#

http://www.pe.com/localnews/inland/stories/PE_News_Local_S_greenlien10.42d5252.html

 

 

 

Major Nevada water ruling issued

The Associated Press - 7/9/08

 

By Brendan Riley

 

CARSON CITY, Nev. – A bid to pump more than 11 billion gallons of groundwater a year from three rural Nevada valleys to Las Vegas was cut to just over 6 billion gallons and approved Wednesday by the state's water engineer.

 

The ruling by state Engineer Tracy Taylor follows a hearing that ended in February with the Southern Nevada Water Authority saying it's entitled to the water from Delamar, Dry Lake and Cave Valleys and opponents warning that the pumping could have a catastrophic impact.

SNWA representatives had contended the water authority met all requirements for the pumping and critics' disaster scenarios are unfounded.

 

The Great Basin Water Network opposed the plan, saying SNWA tried to hide evidence that the pumping may harm existing water users and the environment in rural Nevada because there's not enough water in the valleys for long-term exportation.

 

Taylor said use of the water in the amounts he approved “will not unduly limit future growth and development” in the three valleys, all in central Lincoln County.

 

But before any water is pumped, Taylor wants to see more biological and hydrologic studies. He also said that pumping will be halted or modified if it proves “detrimental to the public interest or is found to not be environmentally sound.”

 

Allen Biaggi, the state's conservation-natural resources chief and Taylor's boss, said the ruling shows “the strength of Nevada's water law in balancing the needs of its citizens, protecting existing water rights and protecting Nevada's natural resources.”

 

Kay Brothers, SNWA's deputy general manager, said the water authority recognized the state engineer's “somewhat conservative” approach to water management in Nevada, the nation's most arid state, and wouldn't challenge his decision.

 

“We respect the way he manages the state's water basins,” Brothers said. “If that's what he's comfortable with, so are we.”

 

Brothers noted that the valleys, located between about 75 miles and 125 miles from Las Vegas, will be the first tapped for the agency's massive pipeline project, adding that Taylor's decision “is exciting to us because it has added water that makes this project stronger.”

 

While the SNWA application sought more than 11.3 billion gallons of groundwater a year from the valleys and the ruling allows about 6.1 billion gallons, Susan Lynn of the Great Basin Water Network said, “It's way too much considering there are a whole lot of downstream groundwater users who rely on that groundwater flow that is going to be intercepted.”

 

Launce Rake, also representing the network, said a legal effort to overturn the ruling or have it revised by Taylor “is certainly a prospect. It's something we will be looking at carefully as we review this decision.”

 

Rake added that the valleys already are “really stressed” by drought conditions, adding, “This decision can only exacerbate those issues.”

 

The SNWA project opponents include ranchers and farmers, as well as local irrigation companies, a water board, the Sierra Club, Nevada Cattlemen's Association and White Pine County which borders Lincoln County.

 

The project is backed by casino executives, developers, union representatives and others who point to water conservation efforts in the Las Vegas area and who warn of an economic downturn affecting the entire state unless the city has enough water to keep growing.

 

Lincoln County initially opposed the plan but reached an agreement with the water authority on which groundwater basins can developed. The agreement also allows for use of SNWA's pipeline, for a price, by the county.

 

In a related case involving SNWA's application to pump 16 billion gallons of water a year from Snake Valley, on the Nevada-Utah border in White Pine County, Taylor rejected bids by three Indian tribes, local government entities in Nevada and Utah and others for “interested persons” status in those proceedings.

 

That ruling, which restricts participation in the Snake Valley hearings scheduled to start on Tuesday, went against the Great Basin Water Network, the Wells Band Te-Moak Tribe, Ely Shoshone Tribe and Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation.

 

Taylor also rejected the status for Salt Lake and Utah counties in Utah, Trout Unlimited, Water Keepers, the North Snake Valley Water Association and Central Nevada Regional Water Authority, representing six Nevada counties.

 

SNWA hopes to begin delivering rural groundwater to Las Vegas by 2015. Its eventual goal is to import enough water to serve more than 230,000 homes, in addition to about 400,000 households already getting its water. Cost of its 200-mile-long pipeline project has been estimated at anywhere from $2 billion to $3.5 billion.#

http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/state/20080709-1546-nv-waterfight.html

 

 

 

The old man who farms with the sea: Carl Hodges is growing salicornia, a crop nourished by ocean water that holds the potential to provide food and fuel to millions.

The Los Angeles Times- 7/10/08

Email Picture

By Marla Dickerson, Los Angeles Times Staff Writer

A few miles inland from the Sea of Cortez, amid cracked earth and mesquite and sun-bleached cactus, neat rows of emerald plants are sprouting from the desert floor.

 

 The crop is salicornia. It is nourished by seawater flowing from a man-made canal. And if you believe the American who is farming it, this incongruous swath of green has the potential to feed the world, fuel our vehicles and slow global warming.

He is Carl Hodges, a Tucson-based atmospheric physicist who has spent most of his 71 years figuring out how humans can feed themselves in places where good soil and fresh water are in short supply.

The founding director of the University of Arizona's highly regarded Environmental Research Lab, his work has attracted an eclectic band of admirers. They include heads of state, corporate chieftains and Hollywood stars, among them Martin Sheen and the late Marlon Brando.

Hodges' knack for making things grow in odd environments has been on display at the Land Pavilion in the Epcot theme park at Walt Disney World in Florida and the Biosphere 2 project in Arizona.

Here in the northern Mexican state of Sonora, he's thinking much bigger.

The Earth's ice sheets are melting fast. Scientists predict that rising seas could swallow some low-lying areas, displacing millions of people.

Hodges sees opportunity. Why not divert the flow inland to create wealth and jobs instead of catastrophe?

He wants to channel the ocean into man-made "rivers" to nourish commercial aquaculture operations, mangrove forests and crops that produce food and fuel. This greening of desert coastlines, he said, could add millions of acres of productive farmland and sequester vast quantities of carbon dioxide, the primary culprit in global warming. Hodges contends that it could also neutralize sea-level rise, in part by using exhausted freshwater aquifers as gigantic natural storage tanks for ocean water.

Analyzing recent projections of ice melt occurring in the Antarctic and Greenland, Hodges calculates that diverting the equivalent of three Mississippi Rivers inland would do the trick. He figures that would require 50 good-sized seawater farms that could be built within a decade if the world gets cracking.

"The only way we can stop [sea-level rise] is if people believe we can," said Hodges, whose outsize intellect is exceeded only by his self-assurance. "This is the big idea" that humanity has been waiting for, he believes.

With his trademark floppy hat, an iPhone wired perpetually to his head and a propensity to assign environmental reading homework to complete strangers, Hodges might be dismissed by some as an eccentric who has spent too much time in the Mexican sun.

"When I first met Carl, I thought he was a philosopher," said actor Sheen, a longtime friend.

Still, experts including Dennis Bushnell, chief scientist at NASA's Langley Research Center, say seawater agriculture could prove to be an important weapon in the fight against climate change.

Hodges has already built such a farm in Africa. Political upheaval there shut much of it down in 2003. That's why he's determined to construct a showcase project in North America to demonstrate what's possible.

All he needs now is $35 million. That's where salicornia comes in.

A so-called halophyte, or salt-loving plant, the briny succulent thrives in hellish heat and pitiful soil on little more than a regular dousing of ocean water. Several countries are experimenting with salicornia and other saltwater-tolerant species as sources of food. Known in some restaurants as sea asparagus, salicornia can be eaten fresh or steamed, squeezed into cooking oil or ground into high-protein meal.

Hodges, who now heads the nonprofit Seawater Foundation, plugged salicornia for years as the plant to help end world hunger. Do-gooders applauded. The private sector yawned.

Then oil prices exploded. Hodges saw his shot to lift his fleshy, leafless shrub from obscurity.

 

That's because salicornia has another nifty quality: It can be converted into biofuel. And, unlike grain-based ethanol, it doesn't need rain or prime farmland, and it doesn't distort global food markets. NASA has estimated that halophytes planted over an area the size of the Sahara Desert could supply more than 90% of the world's energy needs.

Last year, Hodges formed a for-profit company called Global Seawater Inc. to produce salicornia biofuel in liquid and solid versions. He lugs samples of it around in a suitcase like some environmental traveling salesman.

 

The enterprise recently planted 1,000 acres of salicornia here in rural Sonora, where Hodges has been doing preparatory research for decades. That crop will provide seed for a major venture planned 50 miles north in the coastal city of Bahia de Kino. Global Seawater is attempting to lease or buy 12,000 acres there for what it envisions will be the world's largest seawater farm.

The plan is to cut an ocean canal into the desert to nourish commercial ponds of shrimp and fish. Instead of dumping the effluent back into the ocean, the company would channel it further inland to fertilize fields of salicornia for biofuel. The seawater's next stop would be man-made wetlands. These mangrove forests could be "sold" to polluters to meet emissions cuts mandated by the Kyoto Protocol on climate change.

"Nothing is wasted," Hodges said.

Global Seawater already has a small refinery to process salicornia oil into biodiesel fuel, which Hodges believes can be produced for at least one-third less than the current market price of crude oil. Leftover plant material would be converted into solid biofuel "logs" that he said burned cleaner than coal or wood.

NASA is interested in testing fuel from Hodges' halophyte. So are cement makers and other heavy industries. Retired executives from some major corporations are so encouraged by the potential that they are helping Global Seawater raise capital and focus on generating returns for investors.

Fernando Canales Clariond, former Mexican secretary of the economy and member of one of the nation's most powerful industrial families, recently joined the board. "The world doesn't move because of idealism," he said. "It moves because of economic incentives."

Fellow board member Anthony Simon, former president of marketing for Unilever Bestfoods, put it more bluntly. "Carl is a wonderful scientist," he said of Hodges. But he "is a lousy businessman."

Hodges has sold assets and maxed out credit cards over the years to keep his seawater dreams afloat. But it's not for the prospect of a big payday. A lifetime of studying the Earth's ecosystems has convinced him that the planet is in peril. He's determined to help get things back in balance.

Driving through the sun-scorched Sonora countryside, he pointed to abandoned grain silos and crumbling concrete irrigation channels, tombstones of failed efforts at conventional farming.

"It's a dust bowl," Hodges said. "We're going to making it bloom again . . . with a new kind of agriculture."

Some environmentalists are dubious. Wheat and cotton flourished here until farmers pumped aquifers nearly dry. Shrimp aquaculture operations have fouled the Sea of Cortez with waste.

Channeling millions of gallons of seawater inland could have similar unintended consequences for fragile deserts, said biologist Exequiel Ezcurra, former head of Mexico's National Ecology Institute. "We have had catastrophes in the past, so we have reason to be concerned," he said.

Hodges says his project has met all environmental requirements posed by Mexico. The biggest catastrophe, he said, would be to do nothing in the face of climate change.

"My father once told me, 'Carl, there is a special place in hell reserved for fence sitters.' "

The son of a horse trainer, Hodges grew up around racetracks. His dad once traded their Phoenix home for some thoroughbreds, moving the family briefly into a shed.

A stomach for risk-taking landed the young scientist in the top spot at the Environmental Research Lab in 1967 at the age of 30. There he decided that farming must be adapted to utilize saltwater, which accounts for 97% of the world's water supply.

His team's work on shrimp cultivation fueled the explosion in Mexico's aquaculture industry. The leader of Abu Dhabi sent his lab $3.6 million on a handshake to build a saltwater greenhouse system for growing vegetables in that arid emirate. Brando took a shine to Hodges after meeting him at an environmental gathering in the late 1970s. The reclusive star hosted the wonky scientist several times at his private island retreat of Tetiaroa in the South Pacific, an area especially vulnerable to sea-level rise.

"Marlon understood global warming," Hodges said. "He thought we were running out of time."

Hodges' model for the Mexico project is a seawater farm he designed for the government of Eritrea, an impoverished, bone-dry East African nation perched on the Red Sea. Opened in 1999, the farm consisted of ocean-fed ponds of shrimp and fish, whose waste was used to irrigate 250 acres of salicornia that the Eritreans converted into animal feed. A 150-acre mangrove wetland provided habitat for wildlife.

Political upheaval crippled the operation. But at its peak the farm generated hundreds of jobs and turned famine-prone Eritrea into a modest exporter of shrimp. Video footage of the endeavor shows a lush oasis of green in the desert.

"It was a miracle," said Tekie Teclemariam Anday, an Eritrean marine biologist who now works with Hodges in Mexico. "People viewed him like a messiah."

Whether Hodges' Big Idea wins a wider group of converts remains to be seen.

NASA's Bushnell says seawater agriculture has enormous potential. He praised Hodges' science as "superb." Still, he said algae might ultimately prove to be the best plant-based biofuel because it can produce much more fuel per acre.

Hodges is "a pioneer," Bushnell said. "But first-movers generally aren't the successful ones at the end."

Hodges contends that all manner of renewables are needed to wean the planet from its oil addiction. Still, his talk of stopping sea-level rise and reinventing agriculture is so audacious that some of his own backers have cautioned him to tone it down.

But longtime friend Sheen says Hodges isn't likely to. "We have to be outrageous in our efforts to solve" climate change, the actor said. "Carl is on a mission to save the world."#

http://www.latimes.com/news/science/environment/la-fi-seafarm10-2008jul10,0,7364335.story?page=1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

DWR's California Water News is distributed to California Department of Water Resources management and staff, for information purposes, by the DWR Public Affairs Office. For reader's services, including new subscriptions, temporary cancellations and address changes, please use the online page: http://listhost2.water.ca.gov/mailman/listinfo/water_news. DWR operates and maintains the State Water Project, provides dam safety and flood control and inspection services, assists local water districts in water management and water conservation planning, and plans for future statewide water needs. Inclusion of materials is not to be construed as an endorsement of any programs, projects, or viewpoints by the Department or the State of California.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No comments:

Blog Archive