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[Water_news] 5. DWR'S CALIFORNIA WATER NEWS: AGENCIES, PROGRAMS, PEOPLE - 3/30/09

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation of significant news articles and comment

 

March 27, 2009

 

5. Agencies, Programs, People –

 

Battle brews over ridge reservoirs

The North Bay Business Journal

 

Program wets students' appetite for climate wisdom

The Stockton Record

 

Opinion: Mt. Diablo offers panoramic view of unfolding disaster

The Manteca Bulletin

 

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Battle brews over ridge reservoirs

The North Bay Business Journal – 3/30/09

By Jeff Quackenbush

 

Farm Groups concerned Mendocino case could expand water regulation

 

 

State water regulators allege that reservoirs in a 162-acre mountaintop vineyard property on the Mendocino coast need permits from the agency, but a statewide farming trade group asserts this is a test case to expand agency authority beyond defined waterways.

The California Farm Bureau Federation plans to testify at an April 20 public hearing in Sacramento before the State Water Resources Control Board involving allegedly unauthorized reservoirs at Manchester Ridge Coast Mountain Vineyards. The federation worries a negative ruling will set a precedent for expanded state water board jurisdiction over what are called sheet-flow reservoirs, according to Jack Rice, an attorney for the Sacramento-based group.

“I think this is an attempt by staff of the board to clarify or expand their jurisdiction,” he said.

A public hearing before the State Water Resources Control Board is set for April 20 on a draft cease-and-desist order and administrative civil liability complaint involving Manchester Ridge Coast Mountain Vineyards located on flat-topped Adams Ridge east of Point Arena on the Mendocino coast.

Board staff recommended a fine of $23,870, according to the complaint, filed last July. The maximum penalty allowed is $500 a day, or $547,500 for the three years water board staff allege problems.

Named in the complaint are Manchester Ridge property owners Harriet Jean Piper, William Piper, Matthew Piper, Carole Canaveri and Kathleen Stornetta as well as vineyard operator Manchester Ridge LLC.

They and their attorneys at Ellison Schneider & Harris in Sacramento declined to comment for this story.

“Sheet flow” is rain water that flows over the ground across a wide area, rather than in a defined waterway. The state farm bureau is worried that this action could expand state regulation to sheet-flow reservoirs created from damming swales, low spots in fields or depressions in hillsides, according to Mr. Rice.

“No one really knows the number of ponds this would affect,” said Mendocino County Farm Bureau Executive Director Devon Jones. “There are a number out there.”

Water board staff disagree that this is an expansion of jurisdiction. Rather, this is part of agency regulation of surface water, according to a spokesman.

“We believe two of those reservoirs have a streambed and bank,” said spokesman David Clegern. “The irony is that part of the evidence came off their own Web site.”

Mentioned in the complaint is an aerial photograph of the vineyard, dated August 2006 that shows water in reservoir No. 1, which holds 30 acre-feet of water, and in the area to be occupied by planned reservoir No. 3.

The water board filing alleges that these ponds “have reduced the amount of water available for downstream diverters,” referring to other growers and property owners that would be tapping water from the Alder Creek system. Also, the complaint said that unauthorized diversions of water from that watershed contribute to a cumulative impact on habitat of federally protected steelhead trout and Coho salmon.

The farming groups are making it clear they are involved with the Manchester Ridge case strictly for the sheet-flow reservoir issue and not about whether the previous vineyard manager followed proper permitting procedure. State forestry officials inspecting the second phase of the vineyard project alerted water board staff to four ponds on the property, two of which the staff claims are part of waterways. The 30-acre third phase of the vineyard project along with reservoir No. 3 were never started.

Manchester Ridge in November 2003 submitted a wetland-delineation study that noted that stream channels leading to the Alder Creek watershed begin where groundwater comes to the surface downhill from the reservoirs in question, according to the complaint. Vineyard manager at the time Chris Stone, who left in 2004, asserted in that letter that the wetland survey showed the reservoirs weren’t under the board’s jurisdiction.

Water board staff in early 2004 reiterated their original opinion after reviewing the wetland study, according to the complaint.#

 

http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20090330/BUSINESSJOURNAL/903269839?Title=Battle-brews-over-ridge-reservoirs

 

 

Program wets students' appetite for climate wisdom

The Stockton Record – 3/30/09

By Dana M. Nichols

 

If you want to understand California's water crisis, ask a fifth-grader.

 

"It seems like it is raining, but it is still a drought," said Kelly Baird, 10, a fifth-grade student at West Point Elementary School.

 

Baird, like all fifth-graders in California, is required by state science standards to learn about the water cycle that generates rain and snowfall, climate, and the variations in rainfall and climate. So she knows it can take years of low rainfall to cause a drought and years of heavy rainfall to get out of it.

 

Drought in schools

 

Although students learn some concepts related to rain and weather in first grade, it is in fifth grade that they study ideas necessary to understanding drought -- things like the water vapor/precipitation cycle, weather patterns, and what those patterns mean for rivers and the water supply used by fish and humans. To see the science standards set for various grade levels for California school children, go to www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss /documents/sciencestnd.doc.

 

"We saw a chart of how it was really good in 2000, and then it dropped," Baird said of California's rainfall and water supply.

 

Baird and her classmates may have a particularly keen water awareness.

 

Sarah Johnston, the teacher in their combined fourth- and fifth-grade classroom, was formerly a stream biologist, so science lessons sometimes include dissecting water-dwelling creatures such as a salmon that died after it spawned in the Mokelumne River below Camanche Dam.

 

And the students know their school is smack in the middle of the Upper Mokelumne River Watershed, which supplies water to farms and towns from San Andreas, to Lodi to the San Francisco Bay Area.

 

"If we don't take care of it, they're all going to get gross water," said fourth-grade student Mark Welsh, 10.

 

Not all students will learn as much about rainfall and drought as those in Johnston's class. Although the state science standards require students to learn about it, many teachers say they no longer spend as much time on science because of requirements that they focus on raising math and language arts scores on standardized tests.

"We're kind of doing it on the sly. But nothing like the kids really need. We are trying to fit it in," said Karin Compise, a fifth-grade teacher at Pittman Elementary School in the Stockton Unified School District.

 

Compise said this month she is beginning a unit on the water evaporation and rainfall cycle, but she doubts students at her school will get a solid understanding of the drought from the limited amount she of time she can spend on weather patterns.

 

Johnston, in contrast, landed a grant last year that allowed her to purchase a weather station to perch on her school's roof and feed information on temperature, barometric pressure and rainfall to a digital readout in her classroom.

 

Later in the school year, Johnston will take her students to visit the dam at Pardee Reservoir, where her farther, Gary Kleinschmidt, is in charge of maintenance.

 

"I think it's hugely important for kids to realize their (geographic) place," Johnston said. "If you don't know where your water's coming from, why protect it?"

That same philosophy at Kohl Open School in Stockton means that lessons there on weather patterns and rivers include hands-on experience, Principal Bud West said.

 

"We are right across from the Calaveras now, and we do things on water and water cycles," West said.

 

Students this spring are hatching salmon eggs and raising fingerlings to release in the Mokelumne River, something that also attunes them to the importance of rainfall and river levels.

 

The D-word also comes up often during science lessons at Kohl, West said.

 

"We talk with the kids about that all the time. They say 'Bud, how come it is raining and we still have a drought?' "#

 

http://www.recordnet.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090330/A_NEWS/903300315/-1/A_NEWS04

 

 

Opinion: Mt. Diablo offers panoramic view of unfolding disaster

The Manteca Bulletin – 3/30/09

By Dennis Wyatt

Mt. Diablo isn’t among Mother Nature’s highest peaks.

Even so, the summit that towers 3,849 feet provides one of the most awe-inspiring views you’ll ever see.

Sunday’s strong breezes cleared the skies to allow you to see one of California’s two volcanoes – Mt. Lassen – some 180 miles to the northeast. Between Mt. Diablo and Mt. Lassen lies the vastness of the Sacramento Valley. You can spy the Delta, much of the East Bay, and the Northern San Joaquin Valley as well. If aided by a telescope and skies are clear, you can catch a glimpse of Half Dome in Yosemite National Park some 125 miles to the east.

The view from the grand peak of the Diablo Range is among the most vast in the western Unified States. Mt. Diablo was used in the mid-19th century to establish the survey lines for most of Northern California.

Mt. Diablo offers more than just an awe-inspiring view. It gives one a reality check of what is unfolding beneath its summit to both the east and the west.

The first European to ascend the summit were those in the exploration party led by Juan Bautista de Anza and Father Pedro Font of Spain. They reached the top on July 4, 1776 and looked eastward where they saw a vast body of water. They came to the erroneous conclusion it was nothing more than an inland sea. The snow that winter had been exceptionally heavy in the Sierra and the spring weather mild. Those two combinations plus the complete absence of man’s handiwork to keep rivers within their banks created a massive run-off that has been estimated at 30 miles in width at various points.

Standing on the summit you can see exactly how man has molded what Mother Nature created. Many of the 1,000 plus miles of the levees in the Delta are visible. The California Aqueduct is seen snaking its way to Southern California. It’s an amazing feat of engineering to take run-off from the watershed as far north as Shasta Lake 200 miles away from where you stand and dump it into the California Aqueduct near Tracy. From there, 660 miles of canals deliver the water to 23 million of California’s 38 million residents plus 755,000 acres of farmland.

It should qualify as the 8th wonder of the world as what you see transformed California into the equivalent of the world’s seventh largest economy and made its Central Valley – the world’s largest ranging from 40 to 60 miles wide and more than 450 miles long stretching from Redding to the base of the Tehachapi Mountains – one of the richest agricultural regions on the planet.

As you stand looking out from the wind-swept summit of Mt. Diablo, it is hard not to contemplate the unique geography that formed the land we call California and the amazing foresight and resourcefulness of generations before us. You can’t help but wonder what they would think of what California is today in terms of its richness and its ignorance when it comes to how water is captured and redirected throughout the state.

Over a century ago, the Central Valley was locked in an endless cycle of flooding in the winter and then turning into a virtual desert during the waning days of summer and fall.

Water management changed all of that.

The Delta, where numerous fish spawn, often would retreat much farther than it is today as many rivers – including the San Joaquin River – were barely trickles as summer wore into fall.


We thrive and survive today because of California’s water system that is so vast that even on a summit like Mt., Diablo with panoramic views as much as 200 miles in some directions you can’t take in even half of the area transformed by redirecting water or even see the bulk of the enhanced natural conveyance system of rivers kept within their banks by levees or manmade canals.

Yet below there are countless people wasting that resource as we enter the third year of drought by hosing down concrete and letting water flood into gutters and down storm drains.

That wanton waste will cost Us dearly in the coming months perhaps even more so than the fallout from the foreclosure mess. It will mean tens of thousands of lost jobs for poor families in the Southern San Joaquin Valley where farms are now being allowed to go fallow. That, in turn, will mean higher food prices for all of us.

We are spoiled and we are the biggest threat when it comes to our future prosperity.

Ignorance of the value of water and how it gets to our spigots isn’t bliss. It can easily become catastrophic if we – as a collective state – don’t start treating water as the valuable resource that it is especially in a continuing drought.#

 

http://www.mantecabulletin.com/news/article/2654/

 

 

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DWR’s California Water News is distributed to California Department of Water Resources management and staff,  for information purposes, by the DWR Public Affairs Office. For reader’s services, including new subscriptions, temporary cancellations and address changes, please use the online page: http://listhost2.water.ca.gov/mailman/listinfo/water_news . DWR operates and maintains the State Water Project, provides dam safety and flood control and inspection services, assists local water districts in water management and water conservation planning, and plans for future statewide water needs. Inclusion of materials is not to be construed as an endorsement of any programs, projects, or viewpoints by the Department or the State of California.

 

 

[Water_news] 4. DWR'S CALIFORNIAWATERNEWS-WATERQUALITY-3/30/09 - Nothing Significant

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation of significant news articles and comment

 

March 30, 2009

 

4. Water Quality – Nothing Significant

 

[Water_news] 2. DWR'S CALIFORNIA WATER NEWS: SUPPLY - 3/30/09

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation of significant news articles and comment 

 

March 27, 2009

 

2. Supply –

 

Not everyone's well has gone dry

The Hanford Sentinel

 

Sacramento asked to cut back on water use

The Sacramento Bee

 

Nunes addresses water grievances

The Visalia Times-Delta

 

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Not everyone's well has gone dry

The recession has produced plenty of sad Hanford business stories, but Myers Brothers Well Drilling isn’t one of them.

The local company could hardly be busier.

How busy is it? Try 40 employees and seven rigs going 24 hours a day, with barely enough time in between to take a breather before it’s onto the next assignment.

In doesn’t take a genius to figure out one of the main reasons for the gush of work, especially on the Westside.

Farmers in the Westlands Water District are getting no surface water deliveries from the Sacramento Delta this year, the result of three years of below-average snowpack and pumping cutbacks to protect endangered species.

 

Growers are digging deep to find the right quality and amounts of ground water to keep their permanent crops alive.

Orchard and vine crops, which many producers have switched to because of their year-round profitability, require constant watering and years of growth before they reach a productive stage.

So they represent a huge investment that farmers are willing to spend big money to protect.

That means new wells that Myers Brothers can sink as far as 1,400 feet below ground level in search of aquifers that have enough volume and low enough salt levels.

“We can’t get to [farmers] fast enough. If the crop is failing, we try our best to work them in,” said Glenn Myers, who at age 76 is one of four brothers who started drilling wells in the Laton area more than half a century ago.

Now Glenn and Roy, who is 80, are the only ones left.

And they aren’t living in a Florida retirement home.

At the company’s office off East Lacey Boulevard, Glenn shows up to work in a cowboy hat and boots. There are a couple of autographed George W. Bush pictures on the wall.

And there are plenty of photographs of well-drilling rigs.

The technology has evolved over the years, but it still requires the kind of hard work and elbow grease that has toughened Glenn Myers.

The kind of ethic that has given the business a Redding-to-Bakersfield notoriety.

“They’re good people. They’re hard-working folks,” said Tim Larson, a client on the Westside.

Business has never been bad, Glenn Myers said, but the phones started ringing off the hook in December 2007, when farmers received the announcement of a federal court decision to curtail pumping from the Delta to protect the endangered Delta Smelt fish.

“It’s been pretty fast and furious,” said Sarah Woolf, spokeswoman for Westlands, which covers 600,000 acres and serves 60 farmers mostly in Kings and Fresno counties.

Some farmers are going even deeper than Myers Brothers can drill.

They’re shelling out $1 million or more for wells in the 2,000 foot-range, a depth sometimes necessary to reach the often hard-to-find good water on the Westside.

“It’s kind of like saving your child. You do anything and everything you can to save it. At this moment, there’s not an alternative,” Woolf said.

Glenn Myers doesn’t see much letup in the demand.

He predicted that even when the drought ends, farmers worried about it happening again will keep his rigs going.

“We drill the best wells that are to be drilled,” he said.#

 

http://www.hanfordsentinel.com/articles/2009/03/28/news/doc49cdc10d683fa211131743.txt

 

 

Sacramento asked to cut back on water use

The Sacramento Bee – 3/28/09

By Bill Lindelof

About 60,000 Sacramento households and businesses are being urged to cut back their water use to help ease the pressure caused by California's ongoing drought.

 

California American Water Co. on Friday announced a voluntary water conservation program, asking customers to water plants every other day only, and immediately halt all gutter flooding.

 

For now, it's a call for voluntary action, said Evan Jacobs, spokesman for the water utility.

 

Utility officials hope their customers take the alert seriously enough to avoid mandatory water rationing later on.

 

The utility sells groundwater and river water to customers in 10 water service areas, including Foothill Farms, Antelope, Arden, Isleton, Walnut Grove and western Placer County.

 

California American customers are one step short of joining more than 400,000 people in the Sacramento region who are already under severe water rationing rules.

Despite a recent parade of storms over Northern California – and a few feet of new snow in the Sierra Nevada – state water officials say California is in the third year of a drought. The rain season is almost over, and farmers are already looking at drastic cuts in federal irrigation water this season. State officials have also said they will deliver only 20 percent of the farming water they normally release in spring and summer.

 

Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger last month declared a water emergency and urged Californians to cut use by 20 percent. So far, water agencies up and down the state have responded with a mix of mandatory and voluntary conservation efforts.

 

Both the San Juan Water District and the city of Folsom ordered all their water customers to reduce consumption 20 percent. Water cops are on patrol and fines for repeat offenders will back up the rationing orders.

 

Roseville has imposed a similar requirement.

 

California American Water Co., however, hopes voluntary action will be enough.

 

"If we all work together, we can potentially avoid mandatory conservation measures or rationing and help ensure there is enough water for everyone, including families, schools and businesses," said California American Water's general manager, Steve Seidl.

 

California American Water urged its customers to voluntarily end "nonessential or unauthorized water uses" including:

 

• Wasting water due to broken plumbing or sprinklers.

• Washing vehicles without a shut-off on the hose nozzle.

• Washing sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and tennis courts in a manner that results in excessive runoff.

• Watering landscaping more often than every other day. Even-numbered addresses water on even-numbered days; odd-numbered addresses on odd-numbered days.

• Serving water to diners except upon request of restaurant patron. #

 

http://www.sacbee.com/city/story/1735754.html

 

Nunes addresses water grievances

The Visalia Times-Delta – 3/29/09

By Luis Hernandez

 

Congressman, others blast management of water resources at rally

 

Water shortages hurting California aren't caused by drought alone, but also by environmentalist programs that cut supplies to farmers, Congressman Devin Nunes said during a water seminar Friday.

 

"There's plenty of water," he said. "The problem is taking it to where it needs to go."

 

Nunes made his comments Friday at a two-hour seminar called "Water Supply Reality Check" at the Tulare County Agriculture Commissioner's Office in Tulare.

And while saying he didn't want his message to appear politically charged, Nunes, R-Visalia, said Democrats are the ones to blame.

 

"The radical environmentalists control the Democrats," Nunes said, referring to wildlife-preservation programs, such as one involving salmon in the San Joaquin River.

 

Panelist Thomas Birmingham, Westlands Water District general manager, agreed with Nunes.

 

"We're not in a dry period, not a drought," he said. "The situation is a failure of political leadership."

 

Westlands Water District stretches from Firebaugh to Kettleman City but not into Tulare County.

 

Birmingham said he also feared farmers, sooner than they think, could be out of business because of a lack of water. Some farmers already are out, he said.

And that will translate to high unemployment rates in across the San Joaquin Valley.

 

"The real story is what is happening to people," Birmingham said, while showing newspaper photos of a recent food giveaway in Mendota. "They waited for hours only to learn food had run out."

 

During the two-hour seminar, those in attendance suggested putting together regional organizations to tackle water issues.

 

"That's what it'll take," said Tulare City Councilman Richard Ortega, one of those in attendance.

 

There was mention of future rallies, demanding water for farmers and growers who will then employ farm workers.

 

Such demonstrations will tell elected officials people want change, Nunes said.

 

Nunes continues to boil over water issues. Earlier this week he blasted a bill that would allow water that now flows through the Friant-Kern canal through eastern Tulare County to be redirected down the San Joaquin River. Supporters, however, say the bill would provide millions of dollars for Valley water systems.#

 

http://www.visaliatimesdelta.com/article/20090328/NEWS01/903280314/1002/NEWS01

 

 

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DWR’s California Water News is distributed to California Department of Water Resources management and staff,  for information purposes, by the DWR Public Affairs Office. For reader’s services, including new subscriptions, temporary cancellations and address changes, please use the online page: http://listhost2.water.ca.gov/mailman/listinfo/water_news . DWR operates and maintains the State Water Project, provides dam safety and flood control and inspection services, assists local water districts in water management and water conservation planning, and plans for future statewide water needs. Inclusion of materials is not to be construed as an endorsement of any programs, projects, or viewpoints by the Department or the State of California.

 

 

 

 

[Water_news] 3. DWR'S CALIFORNIA WATER NEWS: WATERSHEDS -3/30/09

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation of significant news articles and comment

 

March 30, 2009

 

3. Watersheds –

 

Project raises Tahoe awareness about global warming

Tahoe Daily Tribune

 

Don’t Flush an Energy Opportunity

The Center for American Progress

 

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Project raises Tahoe awareness about global warming

Tahoe Daily Tribune- 3/28/09

By: Jonah M. Kessel

 

SOUTH LAKE TAHOE — While California rests on the verge of releasing a strategy to adapt to global climate change, a South Lake Tahoe-based conservation group continues a more than three-year process to encourage groups in the Sierra Nevada to adjust to the global phenomenon.

The Sierra Water and Climate Change Adaptation Pledge is a Sierra Nevada Alliance project and is designed to raise awareness about the effects of climate change on the mountain range, said Alliance Americorps Member Robert Collier.

Among climate change’s potential effects is the loss of at least 25 percent of the Sierra snowpack by 2050, according to the California Department of Water Resources.

Such a loss is a concern for both the health of local economies in the Sierra, as well as California’s a water supply, said Marion Gee, Water and Climate Change Program Associate for the Sierra Nevada Alliance.

The pledge is an informal agreement to incorporate seven guiding principles — including educating others about climate change and prioritizing projects that will succeed under multiple climate change scenarios — into decision-making processes when possible, Collier said.

Forty-seven organizations throughout the Sierra Nevada — mostly small conservation groups — have signed the pledge so far.

The Tahoe-Baikal Institute, the League to Save Lake Tahoe, the Tahoe Area Sierra Club Group and the South Tahoe Public Utility District are among the local organizations that have signed the document.

“What we would like to do with these pledges is show that these organizations are not only committed to looking at (climate change’s) impacts, but take action whenever possible,” Gee said.

“The eventual goal is to draw attention from the state to the Sierra and have more investment in the range,” Collier added.

Work on getting additional signatories to the pledge continues ahead of the anticipated release of the state’s Climate Adaptation Strategy in April.

The strategy will assess the state’s climate change impacts, identify where California is most vulnerable, and recommend climate change adaptation policies, according to an executive order from Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Earlier this month, a summary of cost analyses presented to Gov. Schwarzenegger's climate advisers showed global warming could translate into annual costs and revenue losses throughout the economy of between $2.5 billion and $15 billion by 2050.

Property damage caused by more devastating wildfires and sea level rise could push the costs far higher.

The projected financial toll comes from a compilation of 40 studies commissioned by the governor's Climate Action Team. The final reports, which will be released by the end of this month, are intended to provide a comprehensive snapshot of global warming's potential costs to property owners, businesses and state government.

“The numbers indicate that we have a lot at stake,” said Michael Hanemann, a professor in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of California at Berkeley. “Californians need to pay serious attention to control our greenhouse gas emissions, and they need to start thinking about adaptation.”

If nothing is done globally to reduce emissions, higher temperatures will lead to rising sea levels that will flood property in the San Francisco Bay area, lead to lower crop yields and water shortages, produce more intense wildfires and cause more demand for electricity to cool homes.

Hanemann, who reviewed the studies, said the annual cost estimate of $2.5 billion to $15 billion is conservative.

For example, wildfire property damage estimates do not include money that might be spent by state and local governments to fight the fires.

Wildfire property damage alone could cost Californians between $200 million and $42 billion a year, with the larger figure based on a worse-case scenario, Hanemann said. The state spent about $1 billion fighting wildfires in 2008.

Economic estimates were not available for the small-business sector. The consequences for commercial and recreational fishing as marine ecosystems change, or the ski industry if the snowpack gets smaller, also have not been determined.

The annual costs also could be greater at the end of the century, ranging from $14 billion a year to $45 billion in 2085.

Linda Adams, secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency, said the research shows why the state needs to cut carbon emissions aggressively during the next 40 years.

“It will cost significantly less to combat climate change than it will to maintain a business-as-usual approach,” Adams said.#

 

http://www.tahoedailytribune.com/article/20090328/NEWS/903279979/1003/NONE&parentprofile=1056&title=Project%20raises%20Tahoe%20awareness%20about%20global%20warming

 

 

Don’t Flush an Energy Opportunity

Congress now has several opportunities to further our understanding of the nexus between water and energy use and to promote water conservation efforts that can also achieve significant energy savings. A recently introduced energy and water bill combined with financial incentives in the omnibus energy bill due later this year could help the entire country enjoy the savings some states are already seeing from reductions in water use—with a potential for job creation through water-efficient home retrofits.

 

In California, Santa Clara County’s experience underscores this important but often overlooked link. Beginning in the early 1990s, the Santa Clara Valley Water District got serious about water conservation. The district, which serves some 1.8 million residents and includes Silicon Valley and the city of San Jose, developed programs that encouraged residents, businesses, industries, and agricultural producers to use water more efficiently.

 

The results have been impressive: a savings of 370,000 acre-feet of water in 13 years. (A typical household uses one acre-foot of water per year).

But perhaps even more significant have been the energy savings and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions: 1.42 billion kilowatt hours of electricity and 335 million kg of carbon dioxide, which is equal to taking 72,000 cars off the road for a year.

 

“It has become increasingly clear that the water savings from water use efficiency programs results in significant energy savings and air quality benefits, including reductions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide,” wrote Santa Clara Valley Water District CEO Stanley M. Williams in his introduction to “From Watts to Water,” the district’s recent report on its water conservation and energy savings efforts.

 

The relationship between energy and water use is beginning to get more attention as U.S. policymakers grapple with measures to transition from heavy dependence on fossil fuels and to attack global climate change by capping carbon emissions.

 

In early March, the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee held a hearing on the Energy and Water Integration Act of 2009 sponsored by Sens. Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) and Lisa Murkowski (R-AK). The bill’s main emphasis is to study the impact of energy development on U.S. water resources, but it also calls on the Department of Energy to periodically assess the energy consumed in the delivery, treatment, and use of water.

 

In his testimony on the bill, Pacific Institute President Dr. Peter H. Gleick said: “Water use and energy use are closely linked: Energy production uses and pollutes water; water use requires significant amounts of energy. Moreover, the reality of climate change affects national policies in both areas. Limits to the availability of both energy and water are beginning to affect the other, and these limits have direct implications for U.S. economic and security interests. Yet energy and water issues are rarely integrated in policy.”

 

As it develops an omnibus energy bill for consideration later this year, Congress also has an opportunity to include financial incentives for consumers, businesses, and water providers to conserve water and thereby reduce energy consumption. Preliminary discussions are underway according to Senate staff.

 

The federal government already provides a wide array of tax credits for consumers for energy efficient home improvements including windows, doors, insulation, and water heaters. Credits are also available for renewable energy systems such as solar panels, wind systems, and geothermal heat pumps. Tax deductions are available to owners and designers of energy efficient commercial buildings.

 

No such program exists, however, for water conservation efforts, such as installing high-efficiency toilets, low-flow showerheads, and water-conserving clothes washers, though some water utilities provide consumers rebates for purchases of those items.

 

In Santa Clara County, for example, residents can get a $125 rebate for a high-efficiency toilet, up to $200 for water-efficient clothes washers, up to $1,000 for new landscape irrigation hardware, and up to $1,000 for replacing water-intensive landscaping such as turf grass with plants that use low amounts of water. The county’s Water Wise House Call Program provides experts to inspect homes and install new appliances and fixtures.

 

At every stage of its cycle, the water we use consumes energy. It takes power to move water, to treat it, to heat it in our homes so we can shower, and wash clothes and dishes, and then to treat our wastewater. According to the Department of Energy, residential water heating alone accounts for about 9 percent of residential electricity use in the United States and the distribution and treatment of water uses about 4 percent of total U.S. electricity use. In states like California, where water is moved over great distances, the energy embedded in water can be much higher. The California Energy Commission estimated in a 2005 report that “water-related energy uses annually account for roughly 20 percent of the state’s electricity consumption, one-third of nonpower plant natural gas consumption, and about 88 million gallons of diesel fuel consumption.”

 

In “Energy Down the Drain,” a 2004 study of the hidden costs of California’s water supply, the Natural Resources Defense Council and the Pacific Institute found that the “end use of water—especially energy-intensive uses like washing clothes and taking showers—consumes more energy than any other part of the urban water conveyance and treatment cycle” and that “significant amounts of energy” can be saved through conservation. For example, one of their case studies found that if San Diego provided its next 100,000 acre feet of water through conservation instead of transporting it from northern California, the energy savings would be enough to supply 25 percent of San Diego households.

 

Separately, the Environmental Protection Agency estimated that if just 1 percent of American homes replaced old toilets with water-saving ones, it would reduce energy consumption by 38 million kWh, enough to electrify 43,000 homes for a month. This of course translates into financial savings. Implementing just a few water efficiency measures could save up to $170 annually on water and sewage bills, which on average are about $500 annually for an American household. If each U.S. household had seven water-efficient appliances, it would save $18 billion annually, according to the EPA.

 

Dr. Gleick of the Pacific Institute came to a similar conclusion: “There are a lot of inexpensive investments that can save both water and energy, particularly in residential end use.”

 

Compared to more expensive energy-saving measures such as installing home solar panels or even adding home insulation, the initial cost of many water-saving measures can be relatively modest and the payback period relatively quick.

 

In its publication “Water Efficiency for the Home,” the Rocky Mountain Institute offers some examples: In 10 years, an efficient showerhead will return 10-40 times its cost in saved energy alone, and inexpensive replacement faucets can reduce indoor water use by 3-5 percent and pay for themselves in less than a year.

 

In 2006, the EPA launched its WaterSense Program, which is similar to the agency’s older Energy Star program and is designed to help consumers make smarter choices when purchasing products such as showerheads and toilets. Expanding the WaterSense labeling program to appliances such as clothes washers and dishwashers would make sense, as would a labeling system that tells consumers not just the direct energy used by those appliances but also the energy consumed by the water they use.

 

Mandatory federal water efficiency standards have also lagged behind energy standards. While standards were adopted in 1992 for toilets, showerheads, faucets, and urinals, it was not until 2007 that Congress required federal standards for clothes washers and dishwashers, and they will not go into effect until 2011 and 2010 respectively.

More aggressive federal steps to improve water efficiency have the potential to not only save energy but also provide a significant economic boost and create jobs. With the federal government now embarking on a $5 billion expansion of the home weatherization program that will send a small army of workers out to retrofit homes to achieve energy savings, it would be negligent to not retrofit those homes with more water-efficient appliances and fixtures.

 

Case in point: In a December 2008 study, the Alliance for Water Efficiency found that a $10 billion stimulus that focused on retrofitting homes with water-conserving appliances and fixtures, installing smart outdoor irrigation systems, and improving commercial and industrial water applications could create between 150,000 and 220,000 jobs and generate as much as $28 billion in economic output.

 

The $787 billion economic stimulus bill signed into law by President Barack Obama in February gives some recognition to the need for greater water efficiency. Of the $6 billion allocated for states’ revolving water funds, at least 20 percent must go to “projects that address green infrastructure, water or energy efficiency improvements, or other environmentally innovative activities.”

 

But because the legislation sets such tight time frames and gives states latitude in determining what is “green,” some states “are reinterpreting the existing projects on their lists as ‘green’ and not allowing new applications for funding,” says Mary Ann Dickinson, executive director of the Alliance. “It has been a big disappointment for us.”

 

Even if states are missing the boat, there’s still time for Congress to raise public awareness of the opportunities and create incentives that will promote both water and energy conservation.#

 

http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2009/03/water_conservation.html

 

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DWR’s California Water News is distributed to California Department of Water Resources management and staff,  for information purposes, by the DWR Public Affairs Office. For reader’s services, including new subscriptions, temporary cancellations and address changes, please use the online page: http://listhost2.water.ca.gov/mailman/listinfo/water_news . DWR operates and maintains the State Water Project, provides dam safety and flood control and inspection services, assists local water districts in water management and water conservation planning, and plans for future statewide water needs. Inclusion of materials is not to be construed as an endorsement of any programs, projects, or viewpoints by the Department or the State of California.

 

 

[Water_news] 1. DWR'S CALIFORNIA WATER NEWS - Top Item for 3/30/09

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation for DWR personnel of significant news articles and comment

 

March 30, 2009

 

1. Top Item–

 

A Water Plan That Worked -- and the City Ignored

The Voice of San Diego – 3/29/09

By Rob Davis

 

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Mayor Jerry Sanders and San Diego Water Department officials have repeatedly insisted on the fairness of their strategy to reduce citywide water use by 20 percent if supplies are cut in July.

 

Their plan, though, which calls for residents to cut 45 percent of their exterior irrigation and 5 percent indoors, does not base individual cuts on how much water each resident and business should be using. Instead, cuts are based on how much the residents have been using.

 

Water Department officials acknowledge the plan is imperfect. They say in coming years they’ll evaluate an approach that would set individual water budgets for homeowners and businesses. A water budget gives customers a specific amount of water to use based on their individual needs, and can be accompanied by rates that penalize inefficient users and reward conservation.

 

While city officials have signaled a willingness to consider that strategy, which is currently employed in the Irvine Ranch Water District in Orange County, they describe it as impractical to develop and implement in a short, six-month timeframe. But they don't appear to have done any research to justify that claim. They have had longer than six months to prepare and, as the days of mandatory water cuts have approached, they have at times misrepresented Irvine Ranch’s approach.

Irvine Ranch, which serves 330,000 people in Irvine and parts of Tustin and Newport Beach, adopted its strategy in the face of the major drought that struck Southern California in the early 1990s. In the district, each home's water budget is based on site-specific data: How many people live in a house and how large the property's landscaping is. Those who go above their allocation pay higher rates the more they exceed their allowed use.

The Irvine Ranch model offers evidence that homeowners will use less water if given financial incentives to conserve. A person living in the Irvine Ranch district uses 90 gallons per day. An average San Diegan uses about 162 gallons a day.

In a February interview, Alex Ruiz, assistant director of the San Diego Water Department, said adopting Irvine Ranch’s model now would be impractical.

"They’ve got 90,000 (customer) accounts and it’s taken them eight to 12 years to refine their approach," Ruiz said in the interview. "We’ve got 240,000 accounts and we’ve got about four months to make this thing work. We’re not going to be able to get to a site-by-site survey."

But Irvine Ranch did not take years to implement its plan. And the district did not do site-by-site surveys as Ruiz claimed in the interview. Fiona Sanchez, Irvine Ranch’s conservation manager, said the district's plan was drafted and implemented in six months. The bulk of work was concluded within a year. The district did so as it faced the threat of mandatory water restrictions in 1991, during the region’s last drought.

"It certainly was not a 10-year process," Sanchez said.

 

Ruiz said in February that creating a water budget like Irvine Ranch did for each homeowner would take "five years -- with an additional staffing increase, which everyone is concerned about." He said the city would need to go site-to-site to determine how many people lived in each house, how many plumbing fixtures each had and to measure lawn size.

Sanchez said Irvine Ranch's implementation was simpler than that. The district assumed every house had four residents, and allocated 75 gallons per day per person. District employees didn’t need to go house-to-house to measure lawn size, Sanchez said. The district assumes that each house has 1,350 square feet of landscaping, and then sets its monthly irrigation allowances based on weather conditions.

Customers are allowed more water if they have more than four residents or larger lots.

Information about residential lot sizes is readily available through public records and satellite mapping imagery. The district uses industry-accepted formulas for calculating how much landscaping each residence has based on its parcel size. The calculation is as easy as plugging a parcel's acreage into a formula in Microsoft Excel, Sanchez said.

"I put in the parcel and it spits out (the answer)," Sanchez said. "I can put in 10,000 accounts and I get the answer."

 

 

Irvine Ranch hired no more than 20 temporary interns for one summer to help implement the plan, she said. Today, three full-time employees and a manager oversee allocations and exemptions for 100,000 customers.

In an interview Friday, Ruiz said he based his representations about Irvine Ranch on a presentation an Irvine Ranch official gave last fall to local water agencies. Ruiz said he was 20 minutes late to the presentation. He did not recall how much of the presentation he’d watched nor the presenter’s name.

 

Ruiz said the city planned to evaluate in the future whether an approach like Irvine Ranch’s makes sense here. "We need to not stop on July 1, but continue to refine," he said. "This is the best we can get by July 1. We need to get to a better spot long-term."

The city has not adopted any formal commitment to such a plan. Ruiz acknowledged that the city’s current plan to base water cuts on historic consumption is "not a perfect system," but said his department had only six months to draft a strategy to reduce citywide water use.

But the first warnings about the potential for mandatory water restrictions started more than six months ago. Maureen Stapleton, the San Diego County Water Authority’s general manager, warned the City Council in October 2007 that preparations for mandatory water-use restrictions were underway.

 

In an October 2008 interview, Jim Barrett, the city’s public works director, acknowledged the possibility, too, and said the city was discussing possible options for reducing city-wide water use. The Water Department still had nine months to develop and adopt a plan.

The city’s chosen strategy, if approved by the City Council, will set water-use ceilings for each resident. Those who’ve used the most historically will have the highest ceilings; those who’ve used the least will have the lowest -- regardless of their property size or whether they’re using water efficiently. (The stingiest water-saving residents -- 21 percent in all -- will not be cut.)

That’s the persistent criticism of San Diego’s plan for cutting consumption: Residents in one single-family home may be penalized for using gallon No. 100,001. A next-door neighbor who irrigates more may not be penalized until using gallon No. 500,001.

Sanchez said that’s a drawback to San Diego's strategy. "You can inadvertently penalize the most efficient customers when you base allocations off historic use," she said.

Michael Shames, executive director of the Utility Consumers’ Action Network, a utility watchdog, said San Diego’s resistance to the Irvine Ranch approach is likely political.

Mayor Sanders and Water Department officials likely fear that inefficient customers who fall into more expensive billing tiers "could be used to fan some political fires against the proposal," Shames said in an e-mail. "I believe it is more of a political calculation than a legal or ratemaking justification."

 

Ruiz rejected that criticism and said the city "did not take into account any political ramifications of how this would impact particular market segments. We’re looking at how best to achieve the reduction targets. We came up with a model that I think is fair. We didn’t look at whether there’s some backlash from high-end users to modify our process. That would not be true."

Six percent of Irvine Ranch customers fall into the district’s excessive and wasteful user categories, forcing them to pay rates four to eight times higher than their efficient neighbors. Those penalty rates generate about $2.5 million annually, which is then used to subsidize the lowest rates and fund conservation programs.

"What we are trying to do is send a very strong price signal to customers that they have inefficient use," Sanchez said. "The message we have is that you can use as much water as you want. But if you choose to be inefficient, you’re going to pay for that inefficiency."#

 

http://www.voiceofsandiego.org/articles/2009/03/30/government/301irvineranch032909.txt

 

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DWR’s California Water News is distributed to California Department of Water Resources management and staff,  for information purposes, by the DWR Public Affairs Office. For reader’s services, including new subscriptions, temporary cancellations and address changes, please use the online page: http://listhost2.water.ca.gov/mailman/listinfo/water_news . DWR operates and maintains the State Water Project, provides dam safety and flood control and inspection services, assists local water districts in water management and water conservation planning, and plans for future statewide water needs. Inclusion of materials is not to be construed as an endorsement of any programs, projects, or viewpoints by the Department or the State of California.

 

 

 

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