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[Water_news] 3. DWR'S CALIFORNIA WATER NEWS: WATERSHEDS - 10/8/08

Department of Water Resources

California Water News

A daily compilation of significant news articles and comment

 

October 8, 2008

 

3. Watersheds –

 

 

Los Gatos Creek watershed logging showdown comes to a head

San Jose Mercury News

 

Letter to Editor:

Other Voices: The 'wildness' of Yuba River salmon

Grass Valley Union

 

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Los Gatos Creek watershed logging showdown comes to a head

San Jose Mercury News – 10/7/08

By Paul Rogers

 

After three years of hearings, debates and studies, a plan by San Jose Water Co. to log redwood and Douglas fir trees over 1,002 acres in the Los Gatos Creek watershed along Highway 17 is facing its day of reckoning.

 

The state Board of Forestry is scheduled to hold a hearing today on whether to allow the plan to go forward, or to deny it, as the state Department of Forestry and Fire Protection has recommended.

 

The showdown — a culmination of the most contentious logging battle in decades in Santa Clara County — centers on two vital questions: What is timberland and how much of it does San Jose Water really own?

 

If the company owns more than 2,500 acres of timberland, under state law it does not qualify for the open-ended logging permit it is seeking. The company says it owns 1,971 acres with commercially harvestable trees. State forestry officials say it owns 2,825 acres that either have — or could grow — such trees. Both sides, along with logging opponents, have stacks of aerial photos, GIS maps and ground-based reports to buttress their arguments.

 

It's up to the board, a nine-member panel appointed by the governor, to decide on what the definition of "timberland" is.

 

The battle lines have been drawn since 2005.

 

San Jose Water, a privately held company that provides drinking water to 1 million people in San Jose, Los Gatos, Saratoga, Cupertino and Campbell, says it hopes to reduce fire risk it owns between Lexington Reservoir and Summit Road by thinning a forest that hasn't been logged since the 1800s.

 

"We were very lucky this summer. The Summit fire came within a mile of our property," said John Tang, a spokesman for San Jose Water, referring to a blaze in May that burned 4,270 acres and destroyed three dozen homes near Summit Road.

 

"In light of the damage from that fire, it bolstered our resolve that this project is the right project for us to reduce the fire hazard and to protect water quality and improve water reliability."

 

But neighbors in forested communities nearby, like Chemeketa Park, say the logging will bring noise, landslides and increased fire risk by cutting too many large trees rather than removing more flammable thin trees and brush.

 

They have fought it vociferously, hiring scientists, and employing high-tech tools like Google Earth mapping software and detailed aerial photography.

"It's the wrong plan in the wrong place. Cutting large trees increases fire risk to homeowners,'' said Kevin Flynn, a Cisco Systems manager who lives in Chemeketa Park along Highway 17.

 

"There's also a significant landslide issue. Geologists have documented it as unstable. And it is taking place next to schools, and literally thousands of residents."

 

The acreage issue will decide its fate, however.

 

The company has applied for a "non-industrial timber management plan,'' which is designed to help small landowners avoid the red tape of having to apply for multiple timber harvest permits every few years.

 

The plan calls for dividing the area into nine zones of about 100 acres each, and logging each once every 15 to 20 years for six weeks at a time. Timber crews wouldn't clear-cut the forests, but would remove 40 percent of the trees over 24 inches in diameter and 20 percent of trees 12 inches around.

 

The water company is seeking to remove 15 million board feet over 15 years — enough to build 1,000 houses.

 

But last year, the state forestry department denied the permit after it concluded that San Jose Water owns 2,825 acres of timberland — more than the 2,500-acres allowed under the non-industrial permit.

 

In legal briefs filed last month, Ginevra Chandler, the forestry department's chief counsel, argued that "timberland" is defined in the state Forest Practices Act as any "which is available for, and capable of growing, a crop of trees of any commercial species used to produce lumber and other forest products, including Christmas trees."

 

That means, she wrote, that "timberland" includes not only big trees, but also lands with small sprouts, stumps and even soils capable of growing trees.

Bob Berlage, a spokesman for Big Creek Lumber, the Santa Cruz County contractor working with San Jose Water, said that is unfairly broad.

 

"I don't believe the Legislature intended there to be restrictions where there are no trees," he said. "Timberland? It's inherent in the word itself."

 

Opponents argue the rules are clear, and say they will sue if the board approves the plan, or if San Jose Water loses then tries to sell some land to get under the 2,500-acre limit.

 

"We plan to fight it tooth and nail," Flynn said.#

http://www.mercurynews.com/localnewsheadlines/ci_10662252

 

Letter to Editor:

Other Voices: The 'wildness' of Yuba River salmon

Grass Valley Union – 10/8/08

By Gary Reedy

Gary Reedy, fisheries biologist, South Yuba River Citizens League.

 

The Yuba River has a unique stature in regional efforts to save salmon from further slips toward rarity and extinction. Among all rivers within the Central Valley basin, the Yuba River hosts a population of Chinook salmon with the best characteristics of strength, and the best opportunities for enhancement.

Central Valley Chinook were phenomenally abundant despite being at the southern edge of their range. Prior to 1850, one to 2 million salmon returned to the rivers of the Central Valley each year.

Virtually every river not isolated by natural barrier falls would have been stinking with salmon carcasses in the fall season, and salmon were immeasurably important for California's wildlife and native people.

Central Valley salmon were decimated by a one-two punch: Hydraulic mining and the first industrial canning operations of the West. It is a testament to the resiliency of salmon that they were not forever lost from the Yuba River where mining activities were particularly intense and Daguerre Point Dam (c. 1910) operated for 25 years without any fish ladder.

Yuba River salmon not only persist today, but the annual run of 6,000 to 30,000 Fall-run Chinook is the largest wild population anywhere in the Central Valley. The salmon population of every other large river has been altered by hatchery operations that put production goals over the preservation of genetic diversity. The network of salmon hatcheries in the Central Valley has attempted to mitigate for the impacts of dams, diversions and habitat degradation. While these hatcheries have sometimes managed to produce a fishery as large as one-third historic abundance, they have certainly reduced the fitness and resiliency of Central Valley salmon, overall. Recent studies indicate that hatchery fish may now comprise 90 percent of the total salmon population.

The wildness of Yuba River salmon is not merely a subjective or aesthetic quality, it is the assemblage of genetic traits which enable the population to persist and expand, if given the opportunity. To be more specific, let's consider Spring-run Chinook, which are officially threatened with extinction in the Central Valley. Over 90 percent of the historic spawning habitat for Spring-run salmon has been blocked by dams.

Spring-run Chinook salmon are different from Fall-run Chinook because they've spawned for thousands of years in habitats upstream of where Fall-run salmon spawn. In snowmelt rivers, like the three forks of the Yuba, spring-run salmon ascended falls and rapids during the high flows of the snowmelt period, held in cold pools until early Fall, then spawned in the same season as Fall-run, yet up to 5,000 feet higher in elevation.

The Yuba River Spring-run was thought to be extinct, but recent monitoring has revealed a very small self-sustaining population. Restricted to the lower Yuba River below Englebright Dam, Yuba Spring-run Chinook are suffering introgression (mixed breed- ing) with Fall-run Chinook and strays from the Feather River Hatchery.

The Yuba River is one of only four remaining populations of Spring-run Chinook salmon in the Central Valley, and the one with the highest risk of extinction. Fishery scientists have learned that only 10 percent mixing of a hatchery stock with a wild stock can lead to lost genetic integrity over a few decades. We are only now beginning to assess the impacts of the Feather River Hatchery on the wild Yuba population. Regardless of the forthcoming results, many biologists concur that the single best action to recover Spring-run in the Central Valley would be to provide Yuba River Chinook with access to some of their historic habitats upstream.

The Upper Yuba River Studies Program has produced reports indicating that partially restored flow below hydro projects could provide enough habitat for viable salmon and steelhead populations above Englebright. The National Marine Fisheries Service has contracted an engineering firm to develop fish passage alternatives. The relicensing of all major hydroelectric facilities in the basin will occur in 2013 and 2016. Native Americans have resurrected their ancient Calling Back the Salmon ceremony and gathered with many friends on the Yuba River to prepare the way.

We just might be acting fast enough, and thoughtfully enough, to benefit from the wildness that remains in Yuba River salmon. For more information and references, see saveyubasalmon.org.#

http://www.theunion.com/article/20081008/OPINION/110089989/1055&title=Other%20Voices:%20The%20'wildness'%20of%20Yuba%20River%20salmon

 

 

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